In the early days of modern computing (that is, the 1950s), software generally came with source code. The original hackers (computer enthusiasts) at MIT's came Tech Model Railroad Club left their programs in drawers for others to work on. "Homebrew" user groups exchange code during their meetings. Company-specific user groups, such as Digital Equipement Corporation's DECUS, accepted contributions of source-code programs, collected them onto tapes, and distributed the tapes to interested members. In 1970, Digital's operating systems were distributed as source code with no restrictions or copyright notice.
Computer and software companies eventually sought to limit the use of the binary files compiled from the source code, rather than the source code itself, helped them to achieve this goal, as well as protecting their code and their ideas from their competitors. Although the Homebrew user groups of the 1970s exchanged code during their meetings, the operating systems for hobbyist machines(such as CPM) were proprietary. By 1980, proprietary software was the usual case.
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