Topics, partitions and offsets

 - Topics: a particular stream of data

    1) Similar to a table in a database(without all the constraints)

    2) You can have as many topics as you want

    3) A topic is identified by its name

- Topics are split in partitions

    1) Each partition is orderd

    2) Each message within a partition gets an incremental id, called offet

- Offset only have a meaning for a specific partistion.

    - E.g. offset 3 in partition 0 doesn't represent the same data as offset 3 in partition 1

- Order is guaranteed only within a partition (not across partitions)

- Data is kept only for a limited time (default is noe week)

- Once the data is written to a partition, it can't be changed (immutability)

- Data is assigned randomly to a partition unless a key is provided (more on this later)