We begin our discussion by looking at the operating system's role in the overall computer system. A computer system can be divided roughly into four components: the hardware, the operating system, the application programs, and a user.
The hardware-the central processing unit(CPU), the memory, and the input/output(I/O) devices- provides the basic computing resources for the system. The application programs-such as word processors, spreadsheets, compilers, and web browsers-define the ways in which these resources are used to solve users' computing probelems. The operating system controls the hardware and coordinates its use among the various application programs for the various users.
We can also view a computer system as consisting of hardware, software, and data. The operating system provides the means ofor proper use of these resources in the operating of the computer system. An operating system is similar to a govermment. Like a goverment, it performs no useful function by itself. It simply provides an environment within which other programs can do useful work.
To understand more fully the operating system's role, we next explore operating system from ttwo viewpoints: that of the user and that of the system.
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